Analysis of Woven Fabric Structure (Twill)

Experiment name: Analysis of woven fabric(Twill).

Object:
1. To sketch the structure of fabric.
2. To know about the raw material of fabric.
3. To know about different specifications of fabric.

Sample:
A piece of plain woven fabric.

Apparatus:
1. Counting glass,
2. Needle,
3. Beesleys balance,
4. Twist tester,
5. GSM cutter,
6. Graph paper.

Analysis:
1. Weave plan: In graph the gaps between the lines are considered according to X axis as weft threads and according to Y axis as warp threads. The up threads are indicated by filling up the gaps and down threads without filling up the gaps.

2. Drafting plan: According to British system drafting plan is drawn at the top of weave plan. Here straight draft is used to draft the plan.

3. Lifting plan: The lifting plan is drawn at the right side of the weave plan.

4. Face side and backside: The face and backside can not be easily understood.

5. Direction of warp and weft: Direction of both warp and weft are indicated by arrow marks by the side of the sample.

6. Raw material: Both warp and weft yarns are cotton.

7. Thread density:

No. of reading	EPI	Average	PPI	Average
1	90	90	76	76
2	91		75
3	90		75
4	92		76
5	91		74

8. Yarn count:

No. of reading	Warp count	Average	Weft count	Average
1	55	55	41	42
2	54		42
3	53		40
4	55		43
5	54		41

9. Yarn twist: Both warp and weft yarns have no twist.

10. Design of fabric: Color and weave effect is used to design the fabric and Z twill is used as basic design. Two colors are used in both warp and weft way. In warp color ratios are 4:2, 4:4, 2:4 & 2:2 and in weft 2:2, 4:2 & 4:4.

11. GSM calculation: By GSM cutter we cut the fabric. Then weight by electric balance. We find the GSM of fabric is 124 gm/meter2.

12. Repeat size: The repeat size of this fabric is 4´ 4.

13. Type of loom:  Jacquard loom is used to produce this fabric.

14. End use: This type of fabric is used for making coat and suited cloth. It is used for wear cloth and house furnishing cloth etc.

Conclusion:
Analysis of fabric structure is very essential to know about the fabric. Because it gives all kinds of information about the fabric that is needed to reproduce or to change structure or design of fabric. By this practical I learn how to analyse primarily a simple plain structure of woven fabric. Further I will learn more complex fabric analysis. But this basic structure analysis will be very much helpful not only to analyse those but also in my future career.