Carding Machine | Carding Process | Object/Task of the Carding | Actionin Carding Machine

The card is the machine which is used for carding. In the card we put lap from blow room and after carding we get carded sliver. This is second stage machine operation in conventional spinning line. Carding may be defined as the reduction of an entangled ways of fibers to a filmy web by working between surfaces clothed with shirp wire point.

The proverbs of the experts ” The card is the heart of the spinning mill and well carded is half spun demonstrate the immense significance of carding for the final result of spinning operation.” The importance of carding is still greater where new spinning system are concerned.

 Object or Task of the card:

Opening to individual fibres:  
The blow room only opens the raw material to flocks where as the card opens it to the stage of individual fibres. This enables the eliminations of impurities and good performance of the other operation.

Elimination of impurities: 
Impurities are mostly eliminated in taker in and a small portion of it is eliminated by flat stripping. Modern card removes 80 – 90% impurities from lap and sliver contain only 0.05 – 0.3% foreign matter.

Elimination of dust:  
Card is good dust removing machine. I t removes free dust as well micro particles by significant friction.

Disentangling of neps:  
Blow room increase neps from machine to machine, but card reduce it to a small friction. The card does not remove neps but disentangles it by opening them. Closer spacing between the clothing, sharper clothings optional speed of taker in, low doffer speed etc. Can improre the disentangling process of neps.

Fibre blending:  
The card scarcely improve long term blending as the residence time of the material in the machine is to short. The card improves traverse blending and fibre with fibre mixing.

Action in Carding Machine: 

The following 4 actions take place in a carding machine:

1. Combing action;

2. Carding action;

3. Stripping action;

4. Doffing action.

1. Combing action:  
Combing action takes place feed roller and taker in. Here the pin direction of the two surfaces are the same. Combing is the straightening and paralleling of fibre and the removal of short fibres and impurities by using a comb or combs which is assisted by roller and brushed.

2. Carding action:
Carding action takes place between flat and cylindex.

In carding action:

•  Direction of wire in two surfaces are opposite.
• The moving direction of roller are also opposite.
•  One roller is slower and other is fast.

So carding action is known as point against point action.

3. Stripping action:  
Stripping action takes place between a. Taker in & Cylinder and b. Doffer & Stripper.

In stripping action:

• Wire direction will be the same.
•  Roller moving direction will be the same.
•  One roller will be faster than another.

So stripping action is known as “Point back point” action.

4. Doffing action:  
This action take place between cylinder and doffer. In this place fibre is transferred from cylinder to doffer. Low speed doffer is called fibre from high speed cylinder and make a condensed web for formation of sliver.

Card Clothing | Flexible Card Clothing | Semi-rigid Card Clothing |Advantage of Flexible Card Clothing | Disadvantage of Flexible CardClothing | Advantage of Semi-rigid Card Clothing

Card Clothing:  
The inclined wire set in base material which are covered around the surface of taker in. Cylinder, doffer and flat in the carding machine is called card clothing.

Card clothing is used on the surface of

• Taker in;
•  Cylinder;
•  Doffer;
•  Flat.

Flexible Clothing: 
These clothing have hook of round or oval wire which are set into elastic, multiple – ply cloth backings. Each hook is bent to a U-shape and is formed with a knee that flexes under bending load and return its original position when the load is removed.

Advantage of Flexible Card Clothing:

i. Point density being high, carding action is good.
ii. Wire point flexible so fibre damage is less.
iii. Fibre, yarn can produced.

Disadvantage of Flexible Card Clothing:

i. Carding angle cannot be choosen.

ii. Grinding action should be regular.

iii. Foundation material are required.

Semi Rigid Clothing:
In case semi-rigid clothing the sharp pointed wire are set in more rigid backings. This backing is made of multiple plies and the no of plies are more in number than that in flexible clothing. The wires have no knee & are deeply set inside the plies. The wire are much less capable yielding than flexible clothing.

Use: 
Semi-rigid clothing is found only in the flats.

Advantage of Semi-rigid Card Clothing:

• No need of sharpening after short use.
•  No dirt and dust in stored.
•  No need to of frequent grinding.
•  Grinding: It is process of retaining the original position of cloth wire after using for a long time.