Wool Glazing Machine | Process of Wool Glazing

Wool Glazing Machine

This special machine is used to perform functional finishing on wool fabrics after raising finishing. The machine is made up of two different units. 

1.Starching Unit

2.Glazing Unit

The Starching Unit Includes:
1) a vat containing water and silicones;
2) a variable-speed extracting cylinder to reduce the quantity of liquid to be passed onto the fabric;
3) a brush coated with horsehair adhering to the extracting cylinder and passing the liquid onto the fibre ends of the fabric, simultaneously combing and lining up the fibres.

The Glazing Unit Includes:  

•  A crenellated polishing cylinder (made of steel and coated with hard chrome) heated by means of electric resistances at temperatures up to 220°C and four spiral grooves on which hard-steel combs are assembled. These combs have very fine teeth to enhance the efficiency of fibre ironing during the process;

• A felt sleeve, rotating at the same speed of the fabric, presses the fabric onto the polishing cylinder. The contact arc on the polishing cylinder can vary and the cylinder can reach a temperature of 130°C.

Wool glazing machine

The fabric with the fibre ends already combed and wet come under the polishing cylinder, which dries and irons the pile, and confers a lustrous appearance by giving a soft and smooth hand, also thanks to the silicones added to the starching vat (thanks to this process the fabric acquires a hand similar to the precious wool one).

By adjusting the temperature and the speed of the polishing cylinder, the contact arc of the fabric on the cylinder and the contrasting pressure of the felting material, it is possible to obtain different types of finishing (from the laid down to the perfectly lined up one).

Skein Dyeing Machine/Arm Dyeing Machine | Working Process of SkeinDyeing Machine

This is the most suitable machine for dyeing delicate yarns (Silk, Bemberg, etc.) since it prevents the material being too tightly packed; in fact other skein dyeing systems frequently produce an excessive packing of the dyed material. The machine is equipped with horizontal arms perforated in the upper part; skeins are stacked and suspended on this rack. The liquor, forced through the arm holes, penetrates the skeins and is then collected in an underlying vat. Standard machines are equipped with a rod which moves the skeins at preset times, changing the bearing point to obtain a more uniform dyeing. During the skein motion, the flow of the liquor is stopped to avoid the formation of tangles in the yarn; since yarns are not fixed to rigid supports, they can thoroughly shrink. This machine does not run under pressure. It is possible to dye at steady temperatures since the liquor is contained in a separate tank. 

Skein Dyeing Machine

Modular skein dyeing machine with pullout arms. Pullout arms also allow the loading and unloading of skeins far from the dyeing machine, without manually intervening in the intermediate dyeing, squeezing and drying operations. It can be used for silk, cotton, viscose and Cashmere yarns.

The operating costs of this machine are generally very high because it require a very high liquor ratio (1:15 . 1:25 . 1:30 ). Standby times for loading and unloading operations are also very high and the arms must be often cleaned. This machine can be used also for scouring and finishing processes.

Some machine manufacturers have designed machines with slant covers to avoid unwanted liquor dripping on the skeins; the skein rotation is determined by the perforated arms, and not by the rotation of the skein-lifting device when the arm is stopped; it is therefore possible to eliminate the sliding contact with the skeins and preserve them perfectly.

There are also package dyeing machines with triangle-shape arms, arranged radially on a variable-speed rotor. When the dyeing process has terminated, the material can be centrifuged and dried, by forcing a hot air flow into the arms and through the skeins.

Winch Dyeing Machines | Working Process of Winch Dyeing Machines |Advantages/Limitations of Winch Dyeing Machine

A dyeing machine consisting essentially of a dye vessel fitted with a driven winch ( usually above the liquor level) which rotates and draws a length of fabric, normally joined end to end, through the liquor.

Winch dyeing machine

Winch dyeing machine is a rather old dyeing machine for fabrics in rope form with stationary liquor and moving material. The machine operates at a maximum temperature of 95-98°C. The liquor ratio is generally quite high (1:20-1:40). Winch dyeing machines are a low cost design that is simple to operate and maintain, yet versatile in application proving invaluable for preparation, washing or after treatments as well as the dyeing stage itself. In all winch dyeing machines a series of fabric ropes of equal length are immersed in the dye bath but part of each rope is taken over two reels or the winch itself. The rope of fabric is circulated through the dye bath being hauled up and over the winch throughout the course of the dyeing operation. Dyestuff and auxiliaries may be dosed manually or automatically in accordance with the recipe method.

A winch dyeing machine

Description and Dyeing Method on Winch Dyeing Machine
The basic principle of all winch dyeing machines is to have a number of loops or ropes of the fabric in the dye bath, these ropes are of equal length , which are mostly immersed in the liquor in the bath. The upper part of each rope runs over two reels which are mounted over dyebath. At the front of the machine , above the top of the dye liquor , is a smaller reel, which is called jockey or fly roller.

The fly roller remain free wheeling along with fabric rope. At the back of winch tank is the winch wheel, which pulls the fabric rope from the dye bath over the jockey reel for dropping in the dye bath for immersion. From the dropped location , the fabric rope travels back . to be lifted and fed to winch wheel.

The dyeing process on winch dyeing machines is based on higher M:L as compared with other dyeing machines. The process is conducted with very little tension . The total dyeing time is lengthier as compared to other machines.

Advantages of Winch Dyeing Machine
1. Construction and operation of winch are very simple.
2. The winch dyeing machines are suitable for types of wet processing operations from desizing to softening.
3.The winch dyeing machine is suitable for practically all types of fabrics ,which can withstand creasing in rope form processing.
4. Thr tension exerted on winch is less than jigger dyeing machine,the material thus dyed is with fuller hand.
5. The appearance of the dyed goods is clean and smooth on winch dyeing machines.

Limitations of Winch Dyeing Machine
1. Batch dyeing operations needs trimming, sewing, opening out the rope , loading and unloading for individual lots separately.
2. Since several lengths of fabric are run over the winch reel into the liquor and sewn end to end,Continuous length processing is not possible in a single batch.
3. Fabric is processed in rope form which may lead to crease marks , particularly in heavy , woven , thin and light synthetics.
4. Most of the machine work under atmospheric conditions.

Step Cleaner/Ultra Cleaner/Super Cleaner | Object of Step/ Ultra/ SuperCleaner Machine

Step cleaner machine is an inportant machine in ring spinning for cleaning and opening impurities from cotton. This machine is set normally after porcupine opener machine.

Object of Step/ ultra/Super Cleaner Machine
i. To open & clear the cotton by combinations of opposite spike action & the beating action.
ii. To remove the impurities such as leaves, stalk, motes & sand without damage the fiber.

Main Parts :
i. Motor.
ii. Motor pulley.
iii. Beaters.
iv. Baffle plate.
v. Grid.

Step Cleaner

Main Setting Point :
Set to do the require amount as cleaning close grid bars, setting gives good opening & large grid bar setting gives poor opening, other setting points are, Beater to Grid bar = 1“ & beater to beater = 8“.

Specification :

i. Motor r.p.m = 695

ii. Dia of the beater = 18.6“

iii. Dia of two pulley = 21.2“

iv. Dia of one pulley = 16“

v. No. of striker = 26

Calculation :

          Beater r.p.m = 695*(16“/21.2“)

                                   = 524.5

          Beater per min. = 524.5*26

                               = 13637

Conclusion :
This is the second m/c of blow room line. It works step by step & for this it is called step cleaner. It is a good instrument of opening & cleaning of cotton by the action of beater. It also removes ascertain a out of leaves, stalk & other impurities. It is suitable for process of low grade cotton.

List of Knitting Machines | Machineries aer Used for GarmentsManufacturing

List of Knitting Machines are given below:

1. V-bed knitting machine

2. Circular knitting machine
3. Four truck single jersey circular knitting m\c
4. Mechanical Interlock circular knitting machine
5. Electronic Interlock Circular Knitting Machine
6. Interlock circular knitting machine.
7. Rib circular knitting machine
8. Jacquard Circular Knitting Machine
9. V- Bed Automatic Knitting Machine
10. Coller Cuff V- Bed Automatic Knitting Machine
11. Tricot Warp Knitting Machine
12. Linking Machine
13. Hand Socks Knitting Machine
14. Automatic Socks Knitting Machine
15. Straight bar frame knitting machine
16. Rachel warp knitting machine 

17. Single truck single jersey circular knitting m\c

Machineries aer Used for Garments Manufacturing:
1. Industrial over lock machine
2. Blind Stitch sewing machine
3. Bar tack sewing machine
4. Industrial Button Hole machine
5. Button attaching machine
6. Flat lock sewing machine
7. Feed of the Arm sewing machine

The List of Weaving Machineries | List of Different Kinds of Loom

In ancient time, men wore bulk of the tree or skin of different kinds of animal . By the development of human civilization, they started to wear cloth. In the first, they weaved cloth with hand. As a result production was so much little. Even to weave one cloth had to take one week or more time. After the revolution of time, men started to use power loom and the present modern loom to produce fabric.

The List of Weaving Machines:

1. Winding Machine:
a. Precision Winding machine
b. Non- Precision Winding machine

2. Creeling Machine

3. Warping Machine
a. High speed Warping Machine
b. Sectional Warping Machine

4. Sizing Machine
a. Slasher Sizing Machine
b. Ball warp Sizing Machine
c. Hank sizing maching

List of Different kind of Loom:
a. Hand loom
b. Power loom

a. Hand loom
1. Primitive loom
2. Pit loom
3. Frame loom
4. Chittaranjan loom
5. Hatersley loom

b. Power loom
1. Air jet loom
2. Water jet loom
3. Rapier loom
4. Multiphase loom

List of Textile Machineries are Used in Textile Manufacturing Process |Yarn Spinning Machines

In normal concept ”Engineering” means gathering of different kinds of machines . In case of textile engineering process also needs different kinds of machines to produce finished products means garments from fiber.

List of Textile Machineries are used in Textile Manufacturing Process:

In case of Fiber Preparation or Ginning:

Ginning Machines:

1. Saw ginning machine
2. Knife Roller ginning machine
3. Mecharthy ginning machine

Machineries List of Yarn Spinning:

1. Hopper bale opener or Bale plucker
2. Step clener or Ultra cleaner or Super cleaner
3. Verticle / Twine opener or cleaner
4. Hopper feeder
5. Porcupine opener
6. Kirschner beater
7. Cotton cleaner
8. R.N. beater
9. S.R.R.L. beater
10. Mono cylinder beater
11. Scutcher
12. Carding machine
13. Drawing Frame
14. Lap former
15. Comber machine
16. Simplex
17. Ring Frame
18. Cone winding machine/Auto coner 

Machineries are Used in Jute Spinning:

1. Jute 1st draw frame machine
2. Jute 2nd draw frame machine
3. Jute 3rd draw frame machine
4. Jute Slip Draft Spinning frame
5. Jute Apron Draft Spinning Frame Machine
6. Breaker Carding machine
7. Finisher Carding machine

Dyeing Machineries/Printing Machineries/Finishing Machineries | List ofConvensional and Modern Dyeing/Printing/Finishing Machineries

Dyeing Machine:

In the pre-industrial revolution time, dyeing, printing, finishing process were done manually or very convensional process. So amount of production was so little. By the change of time, changing the machineries in dyeing, printing and finishing section. As a result production has become high as well as quality also increased.

Yarn dyeing machine

Convensional and Modern Dyeing/Printing/Finishing Machineries list are given below:

In case of Dyeing:

• Singeing machine:

1. Plate singeing machine
2. Roller singeing machine
3. Gas flame singeing machine

• Desizing machine/ Padding mangle
• Kier boiling machine
• J-box bleaching bleaching machine
• Fiber dyeing machine
• Yarn dyeing machine
• Package dyeing machine
• Fabric dyeing machine
• Jet dyeing machine
• Jigger dyeing machine
• Padding mangle dyeing machine
• Beam dyeing machine
• Winching dyeing machine
• Hank dyeing machine

In case of Printing:

• Roller printing machine
• Rotary screen printing machine
• Flat bed screen printing machine

In case of Finishing:

• Yarn mercerizing machine
• Fabric mercerizing machine:

1. Pad chain type machine
2. Chainless type machine
3. Pad-Chainless type machine

• Brush damping machine
• Spray damping machine
• Embossing calendering machine
• Teasel raising machine
• Card wire raising machine
• Sanforizing machine

Crighton Opener Machine/Verticle Opener Machine/Twine Opener Machine |Main Parts of Crighton Opener M/C

Crighton Opener

Crighton opener

Crighton opener machine is used to open cotton tuft in blowroom line. It is also called Verticle Opener Machine or Twine Opener Machine

Object Crighton Opener:
i. To strike the cotton while it is being carried by the air current.
ii. To open the cotton in to small fault.
iii. To use low quality cotton (i.e. cotton of short staple & more impurities).



Main Parts of Crighton Opener M/C :
i. Motor.
ii. Motor pulley
iii. Discs with strikes.
iv. Inclines Grid bar.

Adjustment of Different Parts :

1. Grid bar to grid bar :
Wider setting: High fiber loss, poor opening & cleaning, high speed, high productions.
Closer setting: Good opening, low speed gives lower fiber loss & low production.

2. Blade to grid bar :
Wider Setting: No fiber damage, high production, poor opening & cleaning.
Closer setting: Fiber damage, low production, lower removal of impurities, good opening.

Specification Crighton Opener M/C  :

i. Motor r.p.m = 1440
ii. Motor pulley dia = 14“
iii. M/C pulley dia = 32“
iv. No. of striker = 6

Calculation :
Beater r.p.m = 1440*(14“/32“) = 630
Beats per min = 630*6 = 3780

Conclusion :
This is the third m/c of the blowroom line. It stands on a vertical shaft & hence it is called vertical opener. This m/c is a major cleaning point of blow room line. There is a by pass system. So from step cleaner cotton can be difficulty pass to the hopper feeder without vertical opener. It can be used in case of low grade cotton. For beater opening & cleaning close setting of striker is done. But there is a rise of more fiber damage. Hence moderate setting is done.

Knitting Machines with Specification | Machinery of Knitting Lab withDetails Specification

Name of the experiment : Make a list of machinery with details specification of knitting Lab.

Objects:-

(1) To know about the specification of the machine of knitting Lab.
(2) To know about the sequence of the machine.
(3) To make clear concept about the knitting machine and their various feature and technical data in our knitting lab.

Machine no:-1 V- Bed Knitting Machine

1. Company:- PROTTI.
2. Origin of the machine:- ITALY.
3. Model no. :- 20010-CORNAREDO- MI-ITALY.
4. Width of the machine:- 120 cm.
5. Gauge of the machine:- 8 
6. No of color :- 4 

Machine no:-2 4-Truck Single Jersey Circular Knitting Machine.

1. Company:- PAOLO ORIZIO
2. Origin of the machine:- ITALY.
3. Model no. :- GOH N/C
4. Dia of the machine:- 22”.
5. Gauge of the machine:- 26 
6. No of Feeder:- 66 

Machine no:-3 Jacquard Circular Knitting Machine.

1. Company:- PAOLO ORIZIO
2. Origin of the machine:- ITALY.
3. Model no. :- MJ M/C
4. Dia of the machine:- 30”
5. Gauge of the machine:- 24 
6. No of Feeder :- 72 
7. No of Needles :- 2262 
8. Sinker type:- 3T52/116 EHFF

Machine no:-4 Interlock Circular Knitting Machine.

1. Company:- Precision FUKUHARA Works Limited.
2. Origin of the machine:- Japan
3. Model no. :- V – 8ME— 42 
4. Dia of the machine:- 30”.
5. Gauge of the machine:- 22 
6. No of Feeder:- 84 
7. Serial no:- 1352761 

Machine no:-5 Rib Circular Knitting Machine.

1. Company:- ORIZIO POALO SPA
2. Origin of the machine:- ITALY.
3. Model no. :- CMOAN
4. Serial no:- 1026338 
5. Dia of the machine:- 20”
6. Gauge of the machine:- 18 
7. No of Feeder :- 40 
8. No of Needle:- 1128 

Machine no:-6 Single Truck Single Jersey Circular Knitting Machine.

1. Company:- Fuji Trading Company.
2. Origin of the machine:- Japan
3. Model no. :- NSI
4. Dia of the machine:- 19”
5. Gauge of the machine:- 22 
6. No of Feeder :- 24
7. Machine no :- 12892 

Machine no:-7 Interlock Circular Knitting Machine.

1. Company:- Fuji Trading Company.
2. Origin of the machine:- Japan.
3. Model no. :- FILS.
4. Dia of the machine:- 17”
5. Gauge of the machine:- 20 
6. No of Feeder :- 20 
7. Machine no:- 12898

Machine no:-8 V- Bed Automatic Knitting Machine

1. Company:- Miyake Knitting Machine Workshop.
2. Origin of the machine:- Japan.
3. Model no. :- YOA.
4. Width of the machine:- 40”
5. Gauge of the machine:- 18 
6. No of color :- 5 
7. Machine no:- 4020 

Machine no:-9 Coller Cuff V- Bed Automatic Knitting Machine

1. Company:- Matsuya Cor.
2. Origin of the machine:- Japan.
3. Model no. :- M-100.
4. Width of the machine:- 100 cm.
5. Gauge of the machine:- 14 
6. No of color :- 12 

Machine no:-10 Tricot Warp Knitting Machine

1. Company:- Maschinen Fabric Naila
2. Origin of the machine:- Germany.
3. Model no. :- COP-2K.
4. Width of the machine:- 84”
5. Gauge of the machine:- 29 
6. No of Beam:- 8 

Machine no:-11 & 12 Linking Machine

1. Company:- Tungfong Knitting Machine Co Ltd.
2. Origin of the machine:- China.
3. Model no. :- 8 
4. No of Feeder :- 1 

Machine no:-13 & 14 Hand Socks Knitting Machine

1. Company:- Moor Gate Machine Co Ltd.
2. Origin of the machine:- .England
3. Model no. :- 8 
4. Dia of the machine:- 4.5”
5. Gauge of the machine:- 6 
6. No of Feeder:- 1 

Machine no:-15 Automatic Socks Knitting Machine

1. Company:- SANGIA COM - 6 
2. Origin of the machine:- ITALY.
3. Model no. :- FANTASIA.
4. Dia of the machine:- 4”
5. Gauge of the machine:- 15 
6. No of Feeder :- 25 

Conclusion:-
By this experiment we come to know about the sequence of the machine of our knitting lab and we also get clear concept about the individual status and individual Technical data of different machines in our lab. We also get some idea about the production of different machine and we get some knowledge about some Modern machine present in our lab. So in a word we gathered some practical knowledge about knitting machinery, which would help us in our practical job life.

Single Jersey 4-Truck Circular Knitting Machine | Rib Circular KnittingMachine

Experiment name: Compare between single jersey 4-truck and rib circular knitting machine.

Objects:

—To know difference between single jersey 4-truck & rib circular knitting m\c.
—To know similarities between these m\cs.
—To identify the single jersey 4-truck & rib circular knitting m\c.

Machine specification:

Single jersey 4-truck circular knitting machine.

1. Company:- PAOLO ORIZIO
2. Origin of the machine:- ITALY.
3. Model no. :- GOH N/C
4. Dia of the machine:- 22”.
5. Gauge of the machine:- 26 
6. No of Feeder:- 66 

Rib circular knitting machine.

1. Company:- ORIZIO POALO SPA
2. Origin of the machine:- ITALY.
3. Model no. :- CMOAN
4. Serial no:- 1026338 
5. Dia of the machine:- 20”
6. Gauge of the machine:- 18 
7. No of Feeder :- 40
8. No of Needle:- 1128

Single jersey 4-truck  knitting M/C	Rib circular knitting M/C
Top side is open.	Top side is closed.
Cylinder needle is used in cylinder.	Cylinder & dial are used in this m/c
Sinker and sinker ring is used in the top of cylinder.	Two set needle used one for cylinder and one for dial.
4-butt neddle and 4-cam truck are used in this machine.	2-butt cylinder needle optional present here. 2-butt dial neddle used in this machine. 2-cam truck optional but single cam truck used in the cylinder and 2-cam truck used in the dial.
Positive feeder	Positive feeder
Synchronized timing.	Synchronized timing.
Side creel used	Side creel used
Holding down sinker.	Sinker not used in this machine.
Neddle detector and fabric detector are present	Neddle detector and fabric detector are present.
Cylinder and sinker ring are present.	Cylinder and dial are present.
Cam arrangement like:	Cam arrangement like:
Chain notation like:	Chain notation like:

 

Conclusion: 

It is a very important experiment for us. It is very helpful in our student life as well as our job life.

Rib Circular Knitting Machine | Interlock Circular Knitting Machine

Experiment name: Compare between Rib & Interlock circular knitting machine.

Objects:

—To know difference between Interlock circular & rib circular knitting m\c.
—To know similarities between these m\cs.
—To identify the Interlock circular & rib circular knitting m\c.]

Machine specification:

Interlock circular knitting machine.

1. Company:- Precision FUKUHARA Works Limited.
2. Origin of the machine:- Japan
3. Model no. :- V – 8ME— 42 
4. Dia of the machine:- 30”.
5. Gauge of the machine:- 22 
6. No of Feeder:- 84 
7. Serial no:- 1352761 
8. Rib circular knitting machine.
9. Company:- ORIZIO POALO SPA
10. Origin of the machine:- ITALY.
11. Model no. :- CMOAN
12. Serial no:- 1026338 
13. Dia of the machine:- 20”
14. Gauge of the machine:- 18 
15. No of Feeder :- 40 
16. No of Needle:- 1128

Rib circular knitting machine	Interlock  circular knitting machine
Top side is closed.	1.      Top side is closed.
Cylinder & dial are used in this m/c	2.      Cylinder & dial are used in this m/c
Two set needle used one for cylinder and one for dial.	3.      Two set needle used one for cylinder and for dial.
2-butt cylinder needle optional present here. 2-butt dial neddle used in this machine. 2-cam truck optional but single cam truck used in the cylinder and 2-cam truck used in the dial.	4.      4-butt cylinder needle & 2-butt dial needle, 4-cam truck in the cylinder &2-cam truck in the dial used in this machine.
Sinker not used in this type of machine.	5.      Sinker not used in this  type of machine.
Neddle detector and fabric detector are present.	6.      Needle detector & fabric ditector are present or not present.
Positive  type of  feeder used in this machine.	7.      Positive/Negative  type of  feeder used in this machine.
Synchronized timing.	8.      Delay timing.
Side creel used in this machine.	9.      Side/Over head creel used  in this machine.
Cylinder & dial are present:	10.  Cylinder & dial are present:
Cam arrangement like:	11.  Cam arrangement like:
Chain notation:	12.  Chain notation:

Conclusion: 

It is a very important experiment for us. It is very helpful in our student life as well as our job life.