• Em Destaque

    Aqui Você Encontra Os Melhores Template da Internet .

  • Em Destaque

    Aqui Você Encontra Os Melhores Template da Internet .

  • Em Destaque

    Aqui Você Encontra Os Melhores Template da Internet .

  • Em Destaque

    Aqui Você Encontra Os Melhores Template da Internet .

  • Curte aí!

    Showing posts with label Fabric. Show all posts
    Showing posts with label Fabric. Show all posts

    Friday, 17 February 2012

    Panty
    Panty is a short underpants for women. Panties are a form of underwear, usually light and snug-fitting, designed to be worn by women or girls in the area directly below the waist. Typical components include an elastic waistband, a crotch panel to cover the genital area (usually lined with absorbent material such as cotton), and a pair of leg openings which, like the waistband, are often made of elastic. Panties have either no legs or in some cases very short ones.

    A Brief History of Panty
    The history of panties starts with the story of bloomers. The original purpose was modesty – covering up as much of the female form as possible. As hens are to the eggs so to bloomers are to panties. Typically it is a divided garment to cover the lower part of women. The first ones were the brainchild of Elizabeth Miller but Amelia Bloomer made it popular during the 1850’s. These were long baggy pants ending at the ankles. It was largely influenced by the East and often came to be called the ‘Syrian’ style. In the late 18th century the bloomers got two other nametags – knickers and knickerbockers. Women wore it during sports events during those days of Victorian modesty. From the 1920’s bloomers began to get short. For a classic visual of bloomers the best bet is to watch the bloomer-dance in the Hollywood classic ‘Seven Brides for Seven Brothers’ where the delightful brides prance around bloomers, the ancestors of panties!

    The post-war period saw an outburst or outrage of female modesty dominated by the bra-panty culture. Somehow freedom for women and women’s right became mixed up with exposure of the exquisite female form, leaving little to the imagination. Some interpreted it as a hidden fear and doubt about the natural appeal of the female towards the opposite sex, as Nature meant it to be. Hence the urgency to establish and advertise it aggressively! Another explanation is that the post-war period saw a boom in business and advertising. The least amount of material was turned into a costly piece of garment. The gullible public swallowed the bait and the undergarment made its dominating presence felt – often to the point of ridicule and invasion of human decency and privacy.

    In the 1940s, new styles of women’s undergarments became available in the West that possessed a greater sense of sexuality focused on comfort and individuality, versus functionality and conformance to a certain body type; they were glamorized even more by models such as Bettie Page.

    Today more than a piece of clothing that covers and comforts the panty has become an object of sexuality. But is the operation table, with the spread-eagled human form, the alpha of sensuality? Sex is something far more – deep and sensual – than mere exposure of the beast in the urban jungle.

    From the 1920’s the hemline of skirts began to rise and importance came to be given from what peeped out from under it. The original panties were made from silk or artificial silk called rayon. After that nylon came to be use. Skin problems and other related headaches is causing a rethinking and going back to cotton. This is however turning out to be a costly affair.

    The panty started its journey with the original purpose of covering the intimate part of a woman even she suddenly fell or jumped about. It spelt freedom from prowling eyes. The panty covers the mysterious deep junction between the legs. Eminent sociologist Margaret Mead says that the maleness and femaleness is inherent and woven into the fabric of our body as well as mind from childhood. It is genetically programmed. Mead points out that when a baby girl falls she spontaneously brings together her hands in front below the stomach. Whereas when a boy falls he spreads his arms across on both sides. Everything in woman is inside. Everything in man is outside.

    Apart from the modesty factor the panty protects the woman from infections while she goes about her work in this modern world. The panty material should be able to breathe – otherwise it will itself be a source of trouble. Moreover the panty should be washed daily and should definitely not be shared on grounds of long-term health and hygiene.

    The panty culture has developed a language of its own and one of the terms is panty-line or visible-panty-line (VPL). It is the provocative outline of the undergarment teasing through the outer clothing. The Panty-line also came to be known as the bikini-line. Of late there is very little difference between the bikini and the panty. Womankind is somehow holding onto a wisp of cloth to save her modesty and her civilization.

    Pantyhose is another name in the panty business. These are sheers of extremely close fittings covering the body from the waist and reaching down to the feet. These resemble stockings and are made from nylon. It made its entry in USA during the 1960’s as an alternative to stockings. It is not necessary to wear any other undergarment below it. In UK these are termed ‘tights’ but with a variation in meaning. It need not be tight fighting but can be made from any stretchable material like spandex. Usually women wear it during physical exercises. In the tropical countries the entry of panties has been fairly recent. Overnight it has led to a market boom. But the panty does not go with the stifling humid sweaty climate of the tropics where the body needs to be aired as long as possible. It has led to a rise in hitherto unknown skin problems – this being a boon for pharmaceutical business.

    A whole culture, for good or bad, has come to revolve round the panty. Much to the agony of health addict regular sales of second hand panties are becoming quite common. It is not unknown that even after vigorous washing; items of clothing do not become totally free from germs and vermin. There is a regular auction of panties and other items of undergarments worn by celebrities like Marylyn Monroe. It depends on one’s bent of mind whether to shudder or to cheer at such displays of civilized mankind.

    In a recent online news it was reported that at Stansted Airport a 29 year old man hit the headlines as the panty-thief! He was the baggage handler at the airport and admitted to stealing panties. His colleagues saw him searching and removing these delightful items from passenger’s luggage. Three hundred pairs were carefully stored in his home. He was given an 18-month sentence with a fine. The sentence was relatively lenient as the motive was not greed but psychological. Society seems to be beginning to pay for allowing a free hand to greedy manufacturers and their partners – the media gangs.

    Types of Panty
    Panties are divided into various types based on such criteria as amount of rear coverage, width at the sides, and height at which they are worn. These categories are not necessarily distinct and usage may vary somewhat among brands.

    Briefs rise to the waist or just below the navel and have full coverage in the rear. 
    Classic (or full) brief - the sides extend below the hip 
    High-cut (French cut) brief - the sides are somewhat narrower. 
    Boyleg briefs (or boyshorts) - styled after men’s briefs and may have short legs extending below the crotch.
    Control panties (or control briefs) - a special type of briefs designed to offer support and give a slimmer appearance; these usually contain a stretch material such as spandex and may extend above the waist.
    Hipsters are similar to briefs, but are worn lower with the waistband around the hips. 

    Bikinis are also worn at the hips, but the fabric at the sides is narrower. In the string bikini, it disappears altogether to leave the waistband as a “string”. The rear coverage of the bikini is not as full as with the brief. Bikini is the most widely worn style among women worldwide. Tangas have full rear coverage, but the waistband is reduced to a narrow strip at the sides. Thongs have a waistband similar to tangas, but the rear coverage is not as full. The crotch is extended to the back with a narrow strip of fabric fitting between the buttocks, which becomes wider toward the top. he G-string is a thong with virtually no rear coverage, the narrow strip in the back extending from the crotch all the way to the waistband. It shows most of the buttocks.

    Panties and Bikinis | Types of Panty | A Brief History of Panty

    Posted at  04:45  |  in  regular  |  Continue lendo ...»

    Panty
    Panty is a short underpants for women. Panties are a form of underwear, usually light and snug-fitting, designed to be worn by women or girls in the area directly below the waist. Typical components include an elastic waistband, a crotch panel to cover the genital area (usually lined with absorbent material such as cotton), and a pair of leg openings which, like the waistband, are often made of elastic. Panties have either no legs or in some cases very short ones.

    A Brief History of Panty
    The history of panties starts with the story of bloomers. The original purpose was modesty – covering up as much of the female form as possible. As hens are to the eggs so to bloomers are to panties. Typically it is a divided garment to cover the lower part of women. The first ones were the brainchild of Elizabeth Miller but Amelia Bloomer made it popular during the 1850’s. These were long baggy pants ending at the ankles. It was largely influenced by the East and often came to be called the ‘Syrian’ style. In the late 18th century the bloomers got two other nametags – knickers and knickerbockers. Women wore it during sports events during those days of Victorian modesty. From the 1920’s bloomers began to get short. For a classic visual of bloomers the best bet is to watch the bloomer-dance in the Hollywood classic ‘Seven Brides for Seven Brothers’ where the delightful brides prance around bloomers, the ancestors of panties!

    The post-war period saw an outburst or outrage of female modesty dominated by the bra-panty culture. Somehow freedom for women and women’s right became mixed up with exposure of the exquisite female form, leaving little to the imagination. Some interpreted it as a hidden fear and doubt about the natural appeal of the female towards the opposite sex, as Nature meant it to be. Hence the urgency to establish and advertise it aggressively! Another explanation is that the post-war period saw a boom in business and advertising. The least amount of material was turned into a costly piece of garment. The gullible public swallowed the bait and the undergarment made its dominating presence felt – often to the point of ridicule and invasion of human decency and privacy.

    In the 1940s, new styles of women’s undergarments became available in the West that possessed a greater sense of sexuality focused on comfort and individuality, versus functionality and conformance to a certain body type; they were glamorized even more by models such as Bettie Page.

    Today more than a piece of clothing that covers and comforts the panty has become an object of sexuality. But is the operation table, with the spread-eagled human form, the alpha of sensuality? Sex is something far more – deep and sensual – than mere exposure of the beast in the urban jungle.

    From the 1920’s the hemline of skirts began to rise and importance came to be given from what peeped out from under it. The original panties were made from silk or artificial silk called rayon. After that nylon came to be use. Skin problems and other related headaches is causing a rethinking and going back to cotton. This is however turning out to be a costly affair.

    The panty started its journey with the original purpose of covering the intimate part of a woman even she suddenly fell or jumped about. It spelt freedom from prowling eyes. The panty covers the mysterious deep junction between the legs. Eminent sociologist Margaret Mead says that the maleness and femaleness is inherent and woven into the fabric of our body as well as mind from childhood. It is genetically programmed. Mead points out that when a baby girl falls she spontaneously brings together her hands in front below the stomach. Whereas when a boy falls he spreads his arms across on both sides. Everything in woman is inside. Everything in man is outside.

    Apart from the modesty factor the panty protects the woman from infections while she goes about her work in this modern world. The panty material should be able to breathe – otherwise it will itself be a source of trouble. Moreover the panty should be washed daily and should definitely not be shared on grounds of long-term health and hygiene.

    The panty culture has developed a language of its own and one of the terms is panty-line or visible-panty-line (VPL). It is the provocative outline of the undergarment teasing through the outer clothing. The Panty-line also came to be known as the bikini-line. Of late there is very little difference between the bikini and the panty. Womankind is somehow holding onto a wisp of cloth to save her modesty and her civilization.

    Pantyhose is another name in the panty business. These are sheers of extremely close fittings covering the body from the waist and reaching down to the feet. These resemble stockings and are made from nylon. It made its entry in USA during the 1960’s as an alternative to stockings. It is not necessary to wear any other undergarment below it. In UK these are termed ‘tights’ but with a variation in meaning. It need not be tight fighting but can be made from any stretchable material like spandex. Usually women wear it during physical exercises. In the tropical countries the entry of panties has been fairly recent. Overnight it has led to a market boom. But the panty does not go with the stifling humid sweaty climate of the tropics where the body needs to be aired as long as possible. It has led to a rise in hitherto unknown skin problems – this being a boon for pharmaceutical business.

    A whole culture, for good or bad, has come to revolve round the panty. Much to the agony of health addict regular sales of second hand panties are becoming quite common. It is not unknown that even after vigorous washing; items of clothing do not become totally free from germs and vermin. There is a regular auction of panties and other items of undergarments worn by celebrities like Marylyn Monroe. It depends on one’s bent of mind whether to shudder or to cheer at such displays of civilized mankind.

    In a recent online news it was reported that at Stansted Airport a 29 year old man hit the headlines as the panty-thief! He was the baggage handler at the airport and admitted to stealing panties. His colleagues saw him searching and removing these delightful items from passenger’s luggage. Three hundred pairs were carefully stored in his home. He was given an 18-month sentence with a fine. The sentence was relatively lenient as the motive was not greed but psychological. Society seems to be beginning to pay for allowing a free hand to greedy manufacturers and their partners – the media gangs.

    Types of Panty
    Panties are divided into various types based on such criteria as amount of rear coverage, width at the sides, and height at which they are worn. These categories are not necessarily distinct and usage may vary somewhat among brands.

    Briefs rise to the waist or just below the navel and have full coverage in the rear. 
    Classic (or full) brief - the sides extend below the hip 
    High-cut (French cut) brief - the sides are somewhat narrower. 
    Boyleg briefs (or boyshorts) - styled after men’s briefs and may have short legs extending below the crotch.
    Control panties (or control briefs) - a special type of briefs designed to offer support and give a slimmer appearance; these usually contain a stretch material such as spandex and may extend above the waist.
    Hipsters are similar to briefs, but are worn lower with the waistband around the hips. 

    Bikinis are also worn at the hips, but the fabric at the sides is narrower. In the string bikini, it disappears altogether to leave the waistband as a “string”. The rear coverage of the bikini is not as full as with the brief. Bikini is the most widely worn style among women worldwide. Tangas have full rear coverage, but the waistband is reduced to a narrow strip at the sides. Thongs have a waistband similar to tangas, but the rear coverage is not as full. The crotch is extended to the back with a narrow strip of fabric fitting between the buttocks, which becomes wider toward the top. he G-string is a thong with virtually no rear coverage, the narrow strip in the back extending from the crotch all the way to the waistband. It shows most of the buttocks.


    Experiment name: Analysis of woven fabric(Regular Weft Rib).

    Object:

    1. To know the fabric specification.
    2. To know the raw material of fabric.
    3. To produce exactly the similar fabric.

    Sample: A piece of plain woven fabric.

    Apparatus:

    1. Counting glass,
    2. Needle,
    3. Beesleys balance,
    4. Twist tester,
    5. GSM cutter,
    6. Graph paper.

    Analysis:

    1. Weave plan: In graph paper the gaps between the lines are considered according to X axis as weft threads and according to Y axis as warp threads. Now indicating the up threads by filling gaps and down threads without filling gaps the weave plan is drawn. 

    2. Drafting plan: According to British system drafting plan is drawn at the top of weave plan. Here two heald shafts are used to draw the drafting plan. 

    3. Lifting plan: The lifting plan is drawn at the right side of the weave plan. 

    4. Face side and Back side: As the cloth is constructed with plain fabric construction, face and back side is not same. Face side appearance is smooth and glassy than back side appearance. 

    5. Direction of warp and weft: Direction of both warp and weft are indicated by arrow marks as shown in the sample. Selvedge direction is always warp direction and warp direction is more straight and parallel than weft direction. No. of yarn in warp is more than weft. 

    6. Raw material: Both weft warp yarns are cotton. 

    7. Thread density: No. of ends per inch or EPI =104, No. of picks per inch or PPI = 22. 

    8. Yarn count
    :
    • Warp yarn count
    • Weft yarn count
    Count of warp yarn is 28 and weft yarn is 30.

    9. Yarn twist:
    • Warp yarn 
    • Weft yarn
    Twist of warp yarn is 23and weft yarn is 23.

    10. Twist direction: Both warp and weft yarns are twisted in ‘Z’ direction.

    11. Design of fabric: The fabric is designed as one up and one down i.e. if all even numbered warp ends are raised at one pick then all odd numbered ones are raised at other picks.

    12. GSM calculation: We take one square inch fabric sample and find its weight 0.07 gm.

    We know 1 inch = 2.54 cm i.e. 0.0254 m. So, 1 sq. inch = (0.0254X0.0254) sq. m.
    Now, (0.0254X0.0254) sq. m sample wt. = 0.07 gm

    1 sq. m sample wt. = 108.5 gm
    Therefore GSM of fabric is 108.5gms/sq. inch

    13. Repeat size: 8x2. The repeat contains 2 ends and 2 picks.

    14. Type of loom  : Tappet loom is used to produce this plain woven fabric.

    15. End use: Different types of apparel such as shirt, lungi, shari; bed sheet, bedcover, pillow cover, and many other uses.


    Conclusion: 
    Analysis of fabric structure is very important to know about the fabric which is needed to reproduce or to change structure or design of fabric. By this practical I gathered the knowledge how to analyses primarily a simple plain structure of woven fabric which will be very helpful in future.

    Analysis of Regular Weft Rib Woven Fabric

    Posted at  02:40  |  in  regular  |  Continue lendo ...»


    Experiment name: Analysis of woven fabric(Regular Weft Rib).

    Object:

    1. To know the fabric specification.
    2. To know the raw material of fabric.
    3. To produce exactly the similar fabric.

    Sample: A piece of plain woven fabric.

    Apparatus:

    1. Counting glass,
    2. Needle,
    3. Beesleys balance,
    4. Twist tester,
    5. GSM cutter,
    6. Graph paper.

    Analysis:

    1. Weave plan: In graph paper the gaps between the lines are considered according to X axis as weft threads and according to Y axis as warp threads. Now indicating the up threads by filling gaps and down threads without filling gaps the weave plan is drawn. 

    2. Drafting plan: According to British system drafting plan is drawn at the top of weave plan. Here two heald shafts are used to draw the drafting plan. 

    3. Lifting plan: The lifting plan is drawn at the right side of the weave plan. 

    4. Face side and Back side: As the cloth is constructed with plain fabric construction, face and back side is not same. Face side appearance is smooth and glassy than back side appearance. 

    5. Direction of warp and weft: Direction of both warp and weft are indicated by arrow marks as shown in the sample. Selvedge direction is always warp direction and warp direction is more straight and parallel than weft direction. No. of yarn in warp is more than weft. 

    6. Raw material: Both weft warp yarns are cotton. 

    7. Thread density: No. of ends per inch or EPI =104, No. of picks per inch or PPI = 22. 

    8. Yarn count
    :
    • Warp yarn count
    • Weft yarn count
    Count of warp yarn is 28 and weft yarn is 30.

    9. Yarn twist:
    • Warp yarn 
    • Weft yarn
    Twist of warp yarn is 23and weft yarn is 23.

    10. Twist direction: Both warp and weft yarns are twisted in ‘Z’ direction.

    11. Design of fabric: The fabric is designed as one up and one down i.e. if all even numbered warp ends are raised at one pick then all odd numbered ones are raised at other picks.

    12. GSM calculation: We take one square inch fabric sample and find its weight 0.07 gm.

    We know 1 inch = 2.54 cm i.e. 0.0254 m. So, 1 sq. inch = (0.0254X0.0254) sq. m.
    Now, (0.0254X0.0254) sq. m sample wt. = 0.07 gm

    1 sq. m sample wt. = 108.5 gm
    Therefore GSM of fabric is 108.5gms/sq. inch

    13. Repeat size: 8x2. The repeat contains 2 ends and 2 picks.

    14. Type of loom  : Tappet loom is used to produce this plain woven fabric.

    15. End use: Different types of apparel such as shirt, lungi, shari; bed sheet, bedcover, pillow cover, and many other uses.


    Conclusion: 
    Analysis of fabric structure is very important to know about the fabric which is needed to reproduce or to change structure or design of fabric. By this practical I gathered the knowledge how to analyses primarily a simple plain structure of woven fabric which will be very helpful in future.

    Wednesday, 15 February 2012

    EXPERIMENT NAME : Analysis of Diapers woven fabric.

    OBJECT :

    1. For reproduction.
    2. To keep clear conception about fabric structure.
    3. To make comments on fabric properties.
    4. For fabric specification.
    5. To help in criminal case by studying fabric structure.
    6. To know the raw material of fabrics.
    7. To help in custom inspection.

    SAMPLE : 
    A piece of diaper fabric.

    APPARATUS :

    1. Counting glass.

    2. Needle.
    3. Blade.
    4. Scissors.
    5. Twist tester.
    6. Beesley’s balance.
    7. Template.
    8. Balance & Wt. Box.

    Face & Back Side:

    As the cloth is constructed with twill fabric construction, face & back side is not same. Face side is smooth and glassy appearance then back side appearance.

    Warp & Weft direction: 
    Direction of both warp & weft are indicated by arrow mark has been shown in the sample, selvedge direction is always warp direction & warp direction is more straight and parallel. But weft direction is less straight and parallel. No. of yarn in warp direction is more then weft direction.

    Thread Density: 


    No. of observation
    EPI
    Avg. EPI
    PPI
    Avg. PPI
    1
    45


    45
    41


    41


    2
    46
    40
    3
    45
    41
    4
    46
    41
    5
    44
    40

    Thread count:

    No. of observation
    Warp count
    Avg. Warp count
    Weft count
    Avg. Weft count
    1
    21


    21


    21


    21
    2
    21
    21
    3
    20
    20
    4
    21
    22
    5
    19
    21

    Twist per inch:
    No twist in warp direction or weft direction.
    Yarn designation:
    For warp : 21 Ne
    For weft : 21 Ne

    Fabric representation: =    Warp count × Weft count× Fabric width
                                                                 EPI × PPI
                                                   =  21 × 21 ×  fabric width
                                                         45 × 41
    Design of the fabric :
    As the given, sample is diaper design fabric. Its design will be 24 X 24 diamond.
     
    GSM (gram per Sq. meter) :
    Weight of fabric taken from GSM Cutter = 1.3 gm
    1 m2 sample’s weight = 130 gm
    GSM = 130

    Fabric Raw Material : 
    Warp : Cotton
    Weft : Cotton

    Formula number : diaper 24 X 24

    Type of loom : jacquard loom..

    END USE:

    i) In decorated fabric.

    ii) In Shirt fabric.
    iii) In Table cloth.
    iv) In Screens.
    v) On ornamented design.
    vi) In design fabric.

    PRECAUTION:

    i) Ends per inch & picks per inch should be determined carefully.

    ii) Beasley’s balance for count & balance for G.S.M should be adjusted before determination.
    iii) Warp &weft direction, face &back side, drafting plan, weave plan & lifting plan should be done carefully.

    CONCLUSION:

    Special thanks to our teacher & her assistance for taught us carefully. This experiment is one of the important experiment for a textile technologist .By this experiment we can learn about the different parameters of the diaper fabric. But with those condition we take all the measure as much as accurate.

    Analysis of Diapers Woven Fabric

    Posted at  00:24  |  in  regular  |  Continue lendo ...»

    EXPERIMENT NAME : Analysis of Diapers woven fabric.

    OBJECT :

    1. For reproduction.
    2. To keep clear conception about fabric structure.
    3. To make comments on fabric properties.
    4. For fabric specification.
    5. To help in criminal case by studying fabric structure.
    6. To know the raw material of fabrics.
    7. To help in custom inspection.

    SAMPLE : 
    A piece of diaper fabric.

    APPARATUS :

    1. Counting glass.

    2. Needle.
    3. Blade.
    4. Scissors.
    5. Twist tester.
    6. Beesley’s balance.
    7. Template.
    8. Balance & Wt. Box.

    Face & Back Side:

    As the cloth is constructed with twill fabric construction, face & back side is not same. Face side is smooth and glassy appearance then back side appearance.

    Warp & Weft direction: 
    Direction of both warp & weft are indicated by arrow mark has been shown in the sample, selvedge direction is always warp direction & warp direction is more straight and parallel. But weft direction is less straight and parallel. No. of yarn in warp direction is more then weft direction.

    Thread Density: 


    No. of observation
    EPI
    Avg. EPI
    PPI
    Avg. PPI
    1
    45


    45
    41


    41


    2
    46
    40
    3
    45
    41
    4
    46
    41
    5
    44
    40

    Thread count:

    No. of observation
    Warp count
    Avg. Warp count
    Weft count
    Avg. Weft count
    1
    21


    21


    21


    21
    2
    21
    21
    3
    20
    20
    4
    21
    22
    5
    19
    21

    Twist per inch:
    No twist in warp direction or weft direction.
    Yarn designation:
    For warp : 21 Ne
    For weft : 21 Ne

    Fabric representation: =    Warp count × Weft count× Fabric width
                                                                 EPI × PPI
                                                   =  21 × 21 ×  fabric width
                                                         45 × 41
    Design of the fabric :
    As the given, sample is diaper design fabric. Its design will be 24 X 24 diamond.
     
    GSM (gram per Sq. meter) :
    Weight of fabric taken from GSM Cutter = 1.3 gm
    1 m2 sample’s weight = 130 gm
    GSM = 130

    Fabric Raw Material : 
    Warp : Cotton
    Weft : Cotton

    Formula number : diaper 24 X 24

    Type of loom : jacquard loom..

    END USE:

    i) In decorated fabric.

    ii) In Shirt fabric.
    iii) In Table cloth.
    iv) In Screens.
    v) On ornamented design.
    vi) In design fabric.

    PRECAUTION:

    i) Ends per inch & picks per inch should be determined carefully.

    ii) Beasley’s balance for count & balance for G.S.M should be adjusted before determination.
    iii) Warp &weft direction, face &back side, drafting plan, weave plan & lifting plan should be done carefully.

    CONCLUSION:

    Special thanks to our teacher & her assistance for taught us carefully. This experiment is one of the important experiment for a textile technologist .By this experiment we can learn about the different parameters of the diaper fabric. But with those condition we take all the measure as much as accurate.

    Friday, 10 February 2012

    Apparel Fabric
    A woven fabric which is used in clothing and garments or for decoration and covering purposes. Use of these fabrics dates back to the 16th century when various fabrics like cotton, silk, wool etc. were used for making garments or apparels.

    Beachwear Fabric  
    Beach Wear fabric should be carefully chosen to give it a dignified yet comfortable feel. Nylon Lycra is the standard swim wear fabric that allows the beach wear to be stretchy yeast retains its shape and support. Neon prints and solids, Velvets are the other fabrics used for beach wear.

    Blanket Fabric
    This is a heavy, loosely woven fabric, usually of wool, used in bed clothing. Nothing lasts as long as wool and reversible fabrics backed with a Sherpa pile are as warm and soft as they are warm.

    Curtain Fabric
    Light weight and loosely woven fabrics are used in making curtains because these have the ability to control the amount of light to be let in. Some fibers like Cotton, Linen and Polyester hold up better under sun and are pretty safe fabrics for sewing curtains.

    Drapery Fabric
    Drapery fabric must suit the decor and have the right properties for the window’s treatment styling. Cotton, Linen, Acrylic Blends, Polyester Blends, Acetate, Nylon are the right choice of fabrics because of factors like strength, crease resistance, durability, wash-ability and reasonable price.

    Home Furnishing Fabric
    The textile fabrics are used to make bed spreads, blankets, quilts, curtain, table cloths etc. All home furnishing fabrics are of high quality such as Silk, 100% Cotton, Australian Merino Lamb’s Wool, Baby Camel Hair, Cashmere, Lama Alpaca, wool etc.

    Hosiery Fabric
    Hosiery are tailored coverings for the feet and its usage dates back to pre-history. Wool was once a primary material but nowadays cotton is much more common.

    Industrial Fabric
    Industrial fabrics are a strong and durable woven textile and are made from high performance, a made fibers such as fiberglass, carbon, and aramid fibers. Most of these fabrics are used in industries where high heat is present and high strength and dimensional stability are required.

    Interlining Fabric
    This fabric is used to provide warmth to any. Lycra, Sheer and Light weight Fabrics, Wool and Mohair Blends, Blends of Cashmere, Silk, Teflon treated Fabrics etc. are mostly used for interlining purpose.

    Mattress Fabric
    A comfortable mattress will help in a good night’s sleep and so the proper fabric should be used in the making of a mattress. For ex: Mattress protectors have an advanced polypropylene fabric with a luxuriously soft texture. Thus these mattresses are more comfortable to sleep in.

    Outdoor Fabric
    Available in a vast variety, outdoor fabrics possess thermal, fire and abrasion resistant properties. Made from natural as well as man-made fibers, these fabrics are further manufactured into casual and sportswear.

    Packing Fabric
    Packing fabric is widely used to protect goods and materials while in transportation from one place to another. Generally made of stretch material, these fabrics retain their shape for long time to come.

    Pin tuck Fabric
    Pin tuck fabrics are used to beautify or decorate the garments. They are mostly used for women blouses and other clothing.

    Quilting Fabric
    Quilting is used for padding a fabric; this two layered fabric is easy and comfortable. Cotton, silk and wool blends, polyester are popular options.

    Rugs & Carpets

    The fabric used to manufacture rugs and carpets are made of both natural as well as synthetic fibers, they can not only be easily cleaned but also easily moved.

    Tapestry Fabric
    One of the oldest forms of woven fabric, tapestry fabric is available in multi colors and multi patterns to enchant the onlooker.

    Tent Fabric
    Tent fabric is generally made from strong and durable material to weather all conditions. Natural fabrics are blended with synthetic ones for making it stronger.

    Terry Fabric
    Made of cotton, terry has a lot of absorbing capacity; it is extensively used to make towels, bathrobes and bath gowns.

    Umbrella Fabric
    Beautiful and useful umbrella fabric is made of canvas, linen, duping, as they are durable and strong. It also protects from the harmful UV rays.

    Upholstery Fabric
    Upholstery fabrics are woven into beautiful and eye caching patterns and designs. They are not only tough and durable but also do not soil or fade; easy to maintain.
     

    Different Types of Fabric -by Usage | Apparel Fabric | Beachwear Fabric| Blanket Fabric | Curtain Fabric | Drapery Fabric | Home FurnishingFabric | Hosiery Fabric | Industrial Fabric | Interlining Fabric |Mattress Fabric | Outdoor Fabric | Packing Fabric | Pin tuck Fabric |Quilting Fabric | Rugs & Carpets | Tapestry Fabric | Tent Fabric |Terry Fabric | Umbrella Fabric | Upholstery Fabric

    Posted at  20:36  |  in  regular  |  Continue lendo ...»

    Apparel Fabric
    A woven fabric which is used in clothing and garments or for decoration and covering purposes. Use of these fabrics dates back to the 16th century when various fabrics like cotton, silk, wool etc. were used for making garments or apparels.

    Beachwear Fabric  
    Beach Wear fabric should be carefully chosen to give it a dignified yet comfortable feel. Nylon Lycra is the standard swim wear fabric that allows the beach wear to be stretchy yeast retains its shape and support. Neon prints and solids, Velvets are the other fabrics used for beach wear.

    Blanket Fabric
    This is a heavy, loosely woven fabric, usually of wool, used in bed clothing. Nothing lasts as long as wool and reversible fabrics backed with a Sherpa pile are as warm and soft as they are warm.

    Curtain Fabric
    Light weight and loosely woven fabrics are used in making curtains because these have the ability to control the amount of light to be let in. Some fibers like Cotton, Linen and Polyester hold up better under sun and are pretty safe fabrics for sewing curtains.

    Drapery Fabric
    Drapery fabric must suit the decor and have the right properties for the window’s treatment styling. Cotton, Linen, Acrylic Blends, Polyester Blends, Acetate, Nylon are the right choice of fabrics because of factors like strength, crease resistance, durability, wash-ability and reasonable price.

    Home Furnishing Fabric
    The textile fabrics are used to make bed spreads, blankets, quilts, curtain, table cloths etc. All home furnishing fabrics are of high quality such as Silk, 100% Cotton, Australian Merino Lamb’s Wool, Baby Camel Hair, Cashmere, Lama Alpaca, wool etc.

    Hosiery Fabric
    Hosiery are tailored coverings for the feet and its usage dates back to pre-history. Wool was once a primary material but nowadays cotton is much more common.

    Industrial Fabric
    Industrial fabrics are a strong and durable woven textile and are made from high performance, a made fibers such as fiberglass, carbon, and aramid fibers. Most of these fabrics are used in industries where high heat is present and high strength and dimensional stability are required.

    Interlining Fabric
    This fabric is used to provide warmth to any. Lycra, Sheer and Light weight Fabrics, Wool and Mohair Blends, Blends of Cashmere, Silk, Teflon treated Fabrics etc. are mostly used for interlining purpose.

    Mattress Fabric
    A comfortable mattress will help in a good night’s sleep and so the proper fabric should be used in the making of a mattress. For ex: Mattress protectors have an advanced polypropylene fabric with a luxuriously soft texture. Thus these mattresses are more comfortable to sleep in.

    Outdoor Fabric
    Available in a vast variety, outdoor fabrics possess thermal, fire and abrasion resistant properties. Made from natural as well as man-made fibers, these fabrics are further manufactured into casual and sportswear.

    Packing Fabric
    Packing fabric is widely used to protect goods and materials while in transportation from one place to another. Generally made of stretch material, these fabrics retain their shape for long time to come.

    Pin tuck Fabric
    Pin tuck fabrics are used to beautify or decorate the garments. They are mostly used for women blouses and other clothing.

    Quilting Fabric
    Quilting is used for padding a fabric; this two layered fabric is easy and comfortable. Cotton, silk and wool blends, polyester are popular options.

    Rugs & Carpets

    The fabric used to manufacture rugs and carpets are made of both natural as well as synthetic fibers, they can not only be easily cleaned but also easily moved.

    Tapestry Fabric
    One of the oldest forms of woven fabric, tapestry fabric is available in multi colors and multi patterns to enchant the onlooker.

    Tent Fabric
    Tent fabric is generally made from strong and durable material to weather all conditions. Natural fabrics are blended with synthetic ones for making it stronger.

    Terry Fabric
    Made of cotton, terry has a lot of absorbing capacity; it is extensively used to make towels, bathrobes and bath gowns.

    Umbrella Fabric
    Beautiful and useful umbrella fabric is made of canvas, linen, duping, as they are durable and strong. It also protects from the harmful UV rays.

    Upholstery Fabric
    Upholstery fabrics are woven into beautiful and eye caching patterns and designs. They are not only tough and durable but also do not soil or fade; easy to maintain.
     

    Friday, 3 February 2012

    Name of the Experiment: Determination of heavy fabric strength by horizontal strength tester.

    Introduction:
    The strength of a fabric gives us an idea how much load we can apply on it and it is very important for fabric. The strength of the fabric is very necessary for it because if the fabric strength is not good then it will break with excessive tensile force and thus the dresses produced may tear with the outside force. The strength of a fabric varies with EPI, PPI, and Count Variation. The strength of the fabric also varies if the length and width of the fabric to be tested is changed. The strength of the fabric also depends on the construction of the fabric. A plain fabric is stronger than a twill fabric if made from yarn of same count. 

    Fabric Strength Tester
    The m/c used here is a horizontal strength tester. Therefore, the experiment has two objects:
    1. To find out the strength of the fabric.
    2. To be precise in testing.
    Theory:
    Strength is a measure of the steady force necessary to break a material and is measured in pound. The m/c works in constant rate of extension principle. When the tension is high on the fabric then the fabric breaks.

    Apparatus:
    1. Heavy fabric.
    2. Fabric strength tester.
    3. Scissors.
    M/c specification:
    The Fabric Strength Tester
    Goodbrand & Co. Ltd.
    Capacity: 2000lb

    Testing atmosphere:
    Temperature – 29oC and relative humidity – 76%
    Standard atmosphere: temperature – 20oC and relative humidity - 65%.

    Sample:
    Size – 6inch × 2inch.
    No. of sample – 20 (For warp way-10, for weft way-10).

    Working procedure:
    1. At first 10inch × 2inch fabric was cut out from a big piece of fabric. The excess amount of fabric was cut because the two jaws will require at least 2inch each to grip the fabric. Thus 10 samples were cut down for testing warp way strength and 10 samples for weft way strength.
    2. Now, the first sample is fixed with the upper jaw J1 and the lower jaw J2.
    3. The m/c is started and observed the dial until the sample is torn out.
    4. When the sample is torn out the m/c is stopped and the reading is taken.
    5. By this way the others’ reading are taken.
    6. At last average and CV% are calculated.
    Data: 
    Warp way:


    Reading
    Fabric strength
    (Lbs)
    Avg strength
    (Lbs)
    SD%
    CV%
    1
    290
    300.5
    3.06
    4.32
    2
    320
    3
    290
    4
    290
    5
    295

    Weft way:
    Reading
    Fabric strength
    (lbs)
    Avg strength
    (lbs)
    SD%
    CV%
    1
    190
    189
    3.08
    4.92
    2
    180
    3
    200
    4
    190
    5
    200










    Calculation:
    The average warp way strength = 300.5 lbs
    The average weft way strength= 189 lbs

    Remark:
    The strength of a fabric varies with (1) EPI variation, (2) PPI variation & (3) Count variation. The strength of the fabric also varies if the length and width of the fabric to be tested is changed. If we take a sample which size is 3inch×6inch and another sample size 2inch×6inch then the strength of the first sample will be greater than the second one. Thus if we increase the length of the second sample then the strength of the second sample will be decreased. The strength of the fabric also depends on the construction of the fabric. A plain fabric is stronger than a twill fabric if made from yarn of same count. The CV% for warp =4.62% &for weft =4.92%. it means there is a lot of variation in strength of the fabric.

    Fabric Strength Tester | Determination of Heavy Fabric Strength byHorizontal Strength Tester

    Posted at  01:51  |  in  TTQC  |  Continue lendo ...»

    Name of the Experiment: Determination of heavy fabric strength by horizontal strength tester.

    Introduction:
    The strength of a fabric gives us an idea how much load we can apply on it and it is very important for fabric. The strength of the fabric is very necessary for it because if the fabric strength is not good then it will break with excessive tensile force and thus the dresses produced may tear with the outside force. The strength of a fabric varies with EPI, PPI, and Count Variation. The strength of the fabric also varies if the length and width of the fabric to be tested is changed. The strength of the fabric also depends on the construction of the fabric. A plain fabric is stronger than a twill fabric if made from yarn of same count. 

    Fabric Strength Tester
    The m/c used here is a horizontal strength tester. Therefore, the experiment has two objects:
    1. To find out the strength of the fabric.
    2. To be precise in testing.
    Theory:
    Strength is a measure of the steady force necessary to break a material and is measured in pound. The m/c works in constant rate of extension principle. When the tension is high on the fabric then the fabric breaks.

    Apparatus:
    1. Heavy fabric.
    2. Fabric strength tester.
    3. Scissors.
    M/c specification:
    The Fabric Strength Tester
    Goodbrand & Co. Ltd.
    Capacity: 2000lb

    Testing atmosphere:
    Temperature – 29oC and relative humidity – 76%
    Standard atmosphere: temperature – 20oC and relative humidity - 65%.

    Sample:
    Size – 6inch × 2inch.
    No. of sample – 20 (For warp way-10, for weft way-10).

    Working procedure:
    1. At first 10inch × 2inch fabric was cut out from a big piece of fabric. The excess amount of fabric was cut because the two jaws will require at least 2inch each to grip the fabric. Thus 10 samples were cut down for testing warp way strength and 10 samples for weft way strength.
    2. Now, the first sample is fixed with the upper jaw J1 and the lower jaw J2.
    3. The m/c is started and observed the dial until the sample is torn out.
    4. When the sample is torn out the m/c is stopped and the reading is taken.
    5. By this way the others’ reading are taken.
    6. At last average and CV% are calculated.
    Data: 
    Warp way:


    Reading
    Fabric strength
    (Lbs)
    Avg strength
    (Lbs)
    SD%
    CV%
    1
    290
    300.5
    3.06
    4.32
    2
    320
    3
    290
    4
    290
    5
    295

    Weft way:
    Reading
    Fabric strength
    (lbs)
    Avg strength
    (lbs)
    SD%
    CV%
    1
    190
    189
    3.08
    4.92
    2
    180
    3
    200
    4
    190
    5
    200










    Calculation:
    The average warp way strength = 300.5 lbs
    The average weft way strength= 189 lbs

    Remark:
    The strength of a fabric varies with (1) EPI variation, (2) PPI variation & (3) Count variation. The strength of the fabric also varies if the length and width of the fabric to be tested is changed. If we take a sample which size is 3inch×6inch and another sample size 2inch×6inch then the strength of the first sample will be greater than the second one. Thus if we increase the length of the second sample then the strength of the second sample will be decreased. The strength of the fabric also depends on the construction of the fabric. A plain fabric is stronger than a twill fabric if made from yarn of same count. The CV% for warp =4.62% &for weft =4.92%. it means there is a lot of variation in strength of the fabric.

    Super Ofertas

    --
    Copyright © 2013 fibres2fashion. Blogger Template by BloggerTheme9
    Proudly Powered by Blogger.
    back to top